Last update and review: November 14, 2020.
A Short Summary.
Our notes on urinary creatinine.
The paper by Lombardo et al., 2019 (1).
Lombardo et al., 2019 (1), published a rather problematic summary on different biomarkers. Among several better passages, there was the following paragraph on creatinine. Lombardo et al., 2019 (1):
Creatinine is now accepted as a first urinary biomarker of hydration status for its constant secretion rate [108, 109], although the simple quantification is necessary to take into account several limitations associated with urinary creatinine correction. It has been demonstrated that the lean body mass acts as a significant factor in its excretion. Urinary creatinine levels are higher in men or lean individuals than women and obese individuals, respectively [110, 111].
Selected references:
1. Lombardo et al. Clin Chem Lab Med 2019; aop
References cited by Lombardo et al.:
108. Carrieri M, Trevisan A, Bartolucci GB. Adjustment to concentration-dilution of spot urine samples: correlation between specific gravity and creatinine. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2001;74:63–7.
109. Cone EJ, Caplan YH, Moser F, Robert T, Shelby MK, Black DL. Normalization of urinary drug concentrations with specific gravity and creatinine. J Anal Toxicol 2009;33:1–7.
110. Forbes GB, Bruining GJ. Urinary creatinine excretion and lean body mass. Am J Clin Nutr 1976;29:1359–66.
111. Baxmann AC, Ahmed MS, Marques NC, Menon VB, Pereira AB, Kirsztajn GM, et al. Influence of muscle mass and physical activity on serum and urinary creatinine and serum cystatin C. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2008;3:348–54.